Use MathGL to generate piano sound using OpenAL in Kolin

This article demonstrates how to use MathGL to generate a sine wave and modify it using a cosine envelope and transfer that data to the OpenAL

MathGL is a versatile matrix and array manipulation library, It can be used for stats, numerical methods, simulation, graphics, games etc., 

This article peculiarly uses it for creating an audio. Audio is simply a sequence by bytes sent an amplifier and a speaker. 

Therefore it can be generated using any numerical methodology and set in an array of bytes.

Below code explains how it is done.

Full Kotlin code

package plot
import kotlinx.cinterop.internal.*
import platform.posix.sleep
import kotlinx.cinterop.*
import kotlin.math.*
import openal.*
import mgl.*

fun main() {
   memScoped {

      var defname = alcGetString(null, ALC_DEFAULT_DEVICE_SPECIFIER)
      var dev = alcOpenDevice(defname?.toKString())
      var ctx = alcCreateContext(dev, null)
      alcMakeContextCurrent(ctx)
      
      var buf = alloc<ALuintVar>()
      alGenBuffers(1, buf.ptr)
      
      var d = 1.0f;
      var sr = 44100;
      var y = mgl_create_data_size(sr.toInt(),1,0)
      mgl_data_modify(y,"10000.0*(sin((2.0*pi*(440.0*pow(2.0,-7.0/66.0)))*x)*cos((pi*x)/(2.0*1.0)))",0);
      var samples = ShortArray(sr.toInt())
      for(i in 0..sr-1) {
         samples[i] = mgl_data_get_value(y,i,0,0).toInt().toShort()
      }
      
      samples.usePinned {
         alBufferData(buf.value, AL_FORMAT_MONO16, it.addressOf(0), (sr * sizeOf<ShortVar>()).toInt(), sr.toInt())
      }
      
      var src = alloc<ALuintVar>()
      alGenSources(1.toInt(), src.ptr)
      alSourcei(src.value, AL_BUFFER, buf.value.toInt())
      alSourcePlay(src.value)
      
      sleep(d.toUInt())
      
      alSourcei(src.value, AL_BUFFER, 0)
      alDeleteSources(1, src.ptr)
      alDeleteBuffers(1, buf.ptr)
      
      alcMakeContextCurrent(null)
      alcDestroyContext(ctx)
      alcCloseDevice(dev)
      
   }
}

GitHub: https://github.com/dickensas/kotlin-gradle-templates/tree/master/openal-mathgl-generate

the mgl_data_modify C function generates 44100 values and we convert all those values to short data type and put it in an array using

samples[i] = mgl_data_get_value(y,i,0,0).toInt().toShort()

Then we play the audio , the formula almost generates a piano sound

Finished !